Data Curation Strategies to Support Responsible Big Social Research and Big Social Data Reuse

Big social research repurposes existing data from online sources such as social media, blogs, or online forums, with a goal of advancing knowledge of human behavior and social phenomena. Big social research also presents an array of challenges that can prevent data sharing and reuse. This brief report presents an overview of a larger study that aims to understand the data curation implications of big social research to support use and reuse of big social data. The study, which is based in the United States, identifies six key issues relating to big social research and big social data curation through a review of the literature. It then further investigates perceptions and practices relating to these six key issues through semi-structured interviews with big social researchers and data curators. This report concludes with implications for data curation practice: metadata and documentation, connecting with researchers throughout the research process, data repository services, and advocating for community standards. Supporting responsible practices for using big social data can help scale up social science research, thus enhancing our understanding of human behavior and social phenomena

Data curation for qualitative data reuse and big social research

In den letzten Jahren haben Innovationen bei Datenquellen und Methoden für die sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung zugenommen. Diese Forschungsarbeit zielt darauf ab, die Auswirkungen dieser Innovationen auf drei Praxisgemeinschaften besser zu verstehen: qualitativ Forschende, Big Social Data Forschende und Datenkurator*innen. Folgenden Forschungsfragen werden behandelt. RQ1: Wie unterscheidet sich die Kuratierung von Big Social Data und qualitativen Daten? RQ2: Welche Auswirkungen haben diese Ähnlichkeiten und Unterschiede auf die Kuratierung von Big Social Data und qualitativen Daten und was können wir aus der Kombination dieser beiden Communities lernen? Ich beantwortete diese Fragen durch eine Literaturrecherche, in der ich Gemeinsamkeiten zwischen qualitativer Datennachnutzung und Big Social Data identifizierte. Dann führte ich semi-strukturierte Interviews mit den drei Praxisgemeinschaften durch. Die Analyse identifizierte sechs Schlüsselthemen für die qualitative Datennachnutzung und Big Social Data: Kontext, Datenqualität und Vertrauenswürdigkeit, Datenvergleichbarkeit, informierte Einwilligung, Datenschutz und Vertraulichkeit sowie geistiges Eigentum und Dateneigentum. Ich habe außerdem fünf weitere Themen identifiziert: Domänenunterschiede, Strategien für eine verantwortungsvolle Praxis, Fragen der Datenpflege, Menschen oder Inhalte als Untersuchungsobjekte sowie unterschiedliche Schwerpunkte und Ansätze. Die Verbindung dieser drei Praxisgemeinschaften kann ein breiteres Verständnis der Schlüsselfragen unterstützen und zu verantwortungsbewussteren Forschungspraktiken führen. Datenkurator*innen verfügen über die Fähigkeiten und Perspektiven, um zwischen den Praxisgemeinschaften zu übersetzen und eine verantwortungsvolle qualitative Nachnutzung von Daten und Big Social Data zu unterstützen.Recent years have seen the rise of innovations in data sources and methods for social science research. This research aims to better understand the impact of these innovations on three communities of practice: qualitative researchers, big social researchers, and data curators. I address the following research questions. RQ1: How is big social data curation similar to and different from qualitative data curation? RQ1a: How are epistemological, ethical, and legal issues different or similar for qualitative data reuse and big social research? RQ1b: How can data curation practices support and resolve some of these epistemological and ethical issues? RQ2: What are the implications of these similarities and differences for big social data curation and qualitative data curation, and what can we learn from combining these two conversations? I answered these questions through a literature review, in which I identified issues in common between qualitative data reuse and big social research. Then I conducted semi-structured interviews with the three communities of practice. The research identified six key issues for qualitative data reuse and big social research: context, data quality and trustworthiness, data comparability, informed consent, privacy and confidentiality, and intellectual property and data ownership. I also identified five additional themes: domain differences, strategies for responsible practice, data curation issues, human subjects vs. content, and different focuses and approaches. Connecting these three communities of practice can support a broader understanding of the key issues and lead to more responsible research practices. Data curators have the skills and perspectives to translate between communities of practice and provide guidance for responsible qualitative data reuse and big social data

Providing context to Web collections: A survey of Archive-It users

This study describes a survey to users of the Internet Archive's Archive-It Web-archiving tool, aiming to examine the descriptive metadata practice of archivists of the Web, how Web archives are accessed, and what variables facilitate or impede metadata implementation in Web collections. Whereas books often contain contextual information bound between their covers, archival materials require additional explanation of context. The Web is the most transient of electronic records, and although it is currently being preserved at a higher rate than ever before, treatment of Web collections is still not up to archival standards. Through better understanding of current Web archiving metadata practices, this study hopes to help lay groundwork for future best practices.Master of Science in Information Scienc

Discovery and Reuse of Open Datasets: An Exploratory Study

Objective: This article analyzes twenty cited or downloaded datasets and the repositories that house them, in order to produce insights that can be used by academic libraries to encourage discovery and reuse of research data in institutional repositories. Methods: Using Thomson Reuters’ Data Citation Index and repository download statistics, we identified twenty cited/downloaded datasets. We documented the characteristics of the cited/downloaded datasets and their corresponding repositories in a self-designed rubric. The rubric includes six major categories: basic information; funding agency and journal information; linking and sharing; factors to encourage reuse; repository characteristics; and data description. Results: Our small-scale study suggests that cited/downloaded datasets generally comply with basic recommendations for facilitating reuse: data are documented well; formatted for use with a variety of software; and shared in established, open access repositories. Three significant factors also appear to contribute to dataset discovery: publishing in discipline-specific repositories; indexing in more than one location on the web; and using persistent identifiers. The cited/downloaded datasets in our analysis came from a few specific disciplines, and tended to be funded by agencies with data publication mandates. Conclusions: The results of this exploratory research provide insights that can inform academic librarians as they work to encourage discovery and reuse of institutional datasets. Our analysis also suggests areas in which academic librarians can target open data advocacy in their communities in order to begin to build open data success stories that will fuel future advocacy efforts

Building strategic alliances to support advocacy and planning for digital preservation

While the business benefits of digital asset management are well-documented, the benefits and importance of digital preservation are not. Digital preservation is a sustained commitment to maintenance activities which require a system of plans, policies, and implementation workflows. Coordination across departments is helpful for digital asset management, but it is mandatory for digital preservation. The Montana Digital Preservation Working Group (DPWG) operated under a five-point plan for collaboration between organizations. The plan consisted of cultivating shared knowledge, assessing the current digital preservation landscape at each institution, advocating for the value of digital preservation, implementing digital preservation practices, and sustaining the partnership by developing structures for ongoing projects and mutual support. In this article, the five-point plan for collaboration used by DPWG is adapted to build alliances in four key areas of an organization: the Project and Process Team, the Management Team, the Executive Team, and the Information Technology Team. By building strategic alliances that support digital preservation advocacy and planning, information managers extend their reach and resources, ultimately leading to more robust preservation of valuable digital assets

Special Issue: 2020 Research Data Access and Preservation Summit

The Journal of eScience Librarianship has partnered with the Research Data Access & Preservation (RDAP) Association for a third year to publish selected conference proceedings. This issue highlights the research presented at the RDAP 2020 Summit and the community it has fostered

Sharing Selves: Developing an Ethical Framework for Curating Social Media Data

Open sharing of social media data raises new ethical questions that researchers, repositories and data curators must confront, with little existing guidance available. In this paper, the authors draw upon their experiences in their multiple roles as data curators, academic librarians, and researchers to propose the STEP framework for curating and sharing social media data. The framework is intended to be used by data curators facilitating open publication of social media data. Two case studies from the Dryad Digital Repository serve to demonstrate implementation of the STEP framework. The STEP framework can serve as one important ‘step’ along the path to achieving safe, ethical, and reproducible social media research practice

Dataset Search: A lightweight, community-built tool to support research data discovery

Objective: Promoting discovery of research data helps archived data realize its potential to advance knowledge. Montana State University (MSU) Dataset Search aims to support discovery and reporting for research datasets created by researchers at institutions. Methods and Results: The Dataset Search application consists of five core features: a streamlined browse and search interface, a data model based on dataset discovery, a harvesting process for finding and vetting datasets stored in external repositories, an administrative interface for managing the creation, ingest, and maintenance of dataset records, and a dataset visualization interface to demonstrate how data is produced and used by MSU researchers. Conclusion: The Dataset Search application is designed to be easily customized and implemented by other institutions. Indexes like Dataset Search can improve search and discovery for content archived in data repositories, therefore amplifying the impact and benefits of archived data

Assessing and Improving Library Technology with Service Blueprinting

Objective: The objective of this article is to illustrate the application of service blueprinting—a design tool that comes from the service design tradition—for assessing and improving library technology services. Setting: A mid-sized library at a public university in the western United States. Methods: A service blueprint was co-created by library and IT staff in a design workshop in order to map the operational flow of a data visualization display wall. Results: Guided by the service blueprint, the project team identified points of improvement for the service of the data visualization display wall, and developed recommendations to aid further applications of service blueprinting. Conclusions: Ultimately, service blueprinting was found to be a useful tool that can be applied to assess and improve library technology services

Infrequent HIV Testing and Late HIV Diagnosis Are Common Among a Cohort of Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in 6 US Cities

Objective: US guidelines recommend at least annual HIV testing for those at risk. This analysis assessed frequency and correlates of infrequent HIV testing and late diagnosis among black men who have sex with men (BMSM). Methods: HIV testing history was collected at enrollment from participants in HPTN 061, an HIV prevention trial for at-risk US BMSM. Two definitions of late HIV diagnosis were assessed: CD4 cell count <200 cells per cubic millimeter or <350 cells per cubic millimeter at diagnosis. Results: HPTN 061 enrolled 1553 BMSM. HIV testing questions were completed at enrollment by 1284 (98.7%) of 1301 participants with no previous HIV diagnosis; 272 (21.2%) reported no HIV test in previous 12 months (infrequent testing); 155 of whom (12.1% of the 1284 with testing data) reported never testing. Infrequent HIV testing was associated with: not seeing a medical provider in the previous 6 months (relative risk [RR]: 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03 to 1.13), being unemployed (RR: 1.04, CI: 1.01 to 1.07), and having high internalized HIV stigma (RR: 1.03, CI: 1.0 to 1.05). New HIV diagnoses were more likely among infrequent testers compared with men tested in the previous year (18.4% vs. 4.4%; odds ratio: 4.8, 95% CI: 3.2 to 7.4). Among men with newly diagnosed HIV, 33 (39.3%) had a CD4 cell count <350 cells per cubic millimeter including 17 (20.2%) with CD4 <200 cells per cubic millimeter. Conclusions: Infrequent HIV testing, undiagnosed infection, and late diagnosis were common among BMSM in this study. New HIV diagnoses were more common among infrequent testers, underscoring the need for additional HIV testing and prevention efforts among US BMSM. Infrequent HIV Testing and Late HIV Diagnosis Are Common Among a Cohort of Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in 6 US Cities. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265419180_Infrequent_HIV_Testing_and_Late_HIV_Diagnosis_Are_Common_Among_a_Cohort_of_Black_Men_Who_Have_Sex_With_Men_in_6_US_Cities [accessed Feb 4, 2016]